About aiXiv

What is aiXiv?

aiXiv is an open-access archive and distribution service for scientific research papers. Our platform provides free, unrestricted access to scholarly articles with a particular focus on computational imaging, physics world models, and related disciplines at the intersection of physics and computer science.

Physics World Model (PWM) -- Toward Imaging System Autonomy

PWM is the evaluation harness and current best methods for computational imaging -- an open, reproducible toolkit that aims to make any imaging system self-specifying, self-diagnosing, and self-correcting.

The computational imaging community has built increasingly powerful reconstruction algorithms, yet deployed systems routinely fail because the assumed forward model diverges from real physics. PWM provides a universal diagnostic and correction framework grounded in the Triad Law: every imaging failure decomposes into exactly three root causes -- recoverability loss, carrier-noise budget violation, and operator mismatch.

Three Pillars

The Rail

Standardized Infrastructure

The Rail provides the standardized evaluation harness for computational imaging: OperatorGraph IR spanning 64 modalities across 5 physical carriers with 89 validated templates, a 4-scenario evaluation protocol, the Leaderboard for Imaging Physics (LIP-Arena), and a Red Team adversarial verification module.

Read the Rail paper →

We are building the rail for computational imaging now.
The Train

Universal Diagnostic Theory

The PWM Flagship proves two foundational results: the Finite Primitive Basis Theorem (every imaging forward model decomposes into exactly 10 canonical primitives) and the Triad Decomposition (every failure has three root causes). Autonomous correction recovers +0.8 to +10.7 dB across seven modalities spanning three carrier families. Hardware validation confirms mismatch dominance.

Read the PWM Flagship paper →

Read the Finite Primitive Basis Theorem paper →

Targeting Nature / Nature Machine Intelligence
The Benchmark

CASP for Computational Imaging

InverseNet is the first cross-modality benchmark for operator mismatch -- inspired by CASP for protein structure prediction (AlphaFold). It evaluates 12 reconstruction methods under a four-scenario protocol across 27 simulated scenes and 9 real hardware captures, totalling over 360 experiments, aiming to catalyze an "AlphaFold moment" for computational imaging.

Read the InverseNet paper →

Community benchmark challenge

Applications in Medical & Nuclear Physics

PWM's carrier-based framework naturally extends beyond optical imaging to diagnostic and nuclear medical physics. We are actively developing clinical applications, including two CT quality-control papers:

The five physical carriers in PWM cover the full spectrum of clinical imaging modalities:

Photons CT (X-ray), fluorescence imaging, optical coherence tomography, fundus imaging
Spins MRI, fMRI, magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Acoustic Waves Ultrasound, photoacoustic imaging, elastography
Particles PET, SPECT, nuclear imaging, radiation therapy planning
Electrons Electron microscopy, cryo-EM, scanning electron microscopy

PWM provides the same Triad Law diagnostic framework to any physics-based imaging system: the operator mismatch that causes a CASSI system to lose 16 dB is the same class of failure that causes CT reconstruction artifacts or MRI aliasing -- and the same correction framework applies.

Open Collaboration

PWM is an open-source initiative. We welcome collaborators across all imaging domains to:

All code, data, and reproducibility manifests are available on GitHub.

Focus Areas

Paper Identification System

Every paper on aiXiv is assigned a unique identifier following the format aiXiv:YYMM.NNN, where:

For example, aiXiv:2502.001 refers to the first paper submitted in February 2025. This system ensures every paper has a permanent, citable reference.

Operated By

aiXiv is operated by NextGen PlatformAI C Corp, dedicated to building infrastructure for open science and advancing the standardization of computational imaging research.

Contact: integrityyang@gmail.com

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